有機農產品生產規範－畜產

Production Standards for Organic Agricultural Products – Animal Products

一

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本生產規範依據有機農產品管理作業要點第十四點規定訂定之。

These Production Standards are formulated in accordance with Point 14 of the Operating Guidelines for Management of Organic Agricultural Products.

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來源

Sources:

(一) 畜禽應自出生起即依本規範生產管理，且有機養畜應來自以有機生產管理之種用雌畜。

Livestock and poultry shall be managed in accordance with these Standards from the date of birth and, moreover, organic livestock reared shall come from the organically managed female livestock.

(二) 購自非有機牧場之種畜禽數量，每年不得超過牧場中同一品種種畜禽數量的百分之十。但有下列情況之一，且經認可者，得不受百分之十之限制：

The amount of stock poultry and livestock purchased from non-organic farm each year shall not exceed 10% of the same species. However, subject to further approval, this restriction is removed for cases as listed below:

1. 嚴重之天然災害或意外事件。

Natural calamities or serious accident.

2. 大規模的擴充。

Large-scale expansion.

3. 改變畜禽飼養種類。

Change of species of livestock and poultry.

4. 小規模飼養。

Small-scale rearing.

(三) 牧場轉型期間無法取得有機畜禽時，得自非有機牧場購入下列畜禽：

Livestock farm during the transition period may, when unable to obtain organically raised livestock and poultry, purchase the following listed livestock and poultry from non-organic livestock farm:

1. 二日齡前之肉用雛雞。

Chicks for meat before 2-day old.

　　2. 十二週齡內之蛋雞或蛋鴨。

Hen or female duck below 12-week old.

　　3. 二週齡內之任何其他禽類。

Any other livestock or poultry below 2-week old.

4. 符合防疫規定之離乳仔畜。

Young livestock without breast feeding that meets anti-epidemic requirements.

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產製過程

(一)營養

Nutrition

1. 動物性來源之飼料僅得使用乳製品及魚粉；植物性來源之飼料均須符合我國有機農產品相關規範，上述兩類飼料皆須經驗證合格。其加工過程應與非有機飼料明顯區隔。

Feeds from animal sources can only be dairy products and fishmeal, while feeds from plant sources are required to meet the related ROC regulations for organic agricultural products. Both types of feeds mentioned are all subject to certification, and through the processing must be clearly separated from that of the non-organic feeds.

2. 反芻動物及非反芻動物其有機飼料採食百分比應分別在百分之八十五及百分之八十以上。但在下列特殊狀態下，經過認可者得不受有機飼料採食百分比之限制，惟該期間不得以有機畜禽產品名義販售：

The ratio of organic feeds for ruminant animals and non-ruminant animals should be respectively over 85% and 80%. The restriction can be relaxed under the following special circumstances provided that during such period the organically raised livestock and poultry are not sold as organic livestock and poultry:

(1) 嚴重之天然或人為事件。

Serious natural calamities or man-made accidents.

(2) 極端的氣候或環境狀態。

Extremely weather or environment conditions.

3. 任何用於有機畜禽生產之飼料中不得添加下列產品：

The following additives shall not be added to the feed for raising organic livestock or poultry:

(1) 成之生長促進劑。

Growth hormone.

(2) 當芻料使用之塑膠顆粒。

Plastic grains or gels used for feeding young animals or poultry.

(3) 防腐劑。

Preservatives.

(4) 人工的著色劑。

Artificial color.

(5) 尿素。

Urea.

(6) 畜禽屠宰副產品。

By-products of slaughtered livestock and poultry.

(7) 畜禽排泄物。

Waste of livestock and poultry.

(8) 抗生物質及化學藥劑。

Antibiotics and chemicals.

(9) 不當的飼料添加物。

Improper feed additives.

(10)基因改造之有機體或其產物。

Genetically engineered organisms or products.

4. 反芻動物應每天供應芻料。

Ruminant animals should be fed with hay each day.

5. 經認可後可使用於芻料之品質改善劑如下：

Improved and confirmed feeds that may be used are as follows:

(1) 益生菌及酵素。

Probiotics and enzyme.

(2) 食品工業副產品。

By-products of foodstuff industry.

(3) 植物經醱酵等衍生產品。

Derivative plant products through fermentation.

(4) 合成的芻料品質改善劑。

Improved synthetic feed.

6. 依據相關動物種類之天然行為訂定最短離乳期限，分別為牛42天、羊60天及豬28天。

According to the natural behavior of related animals, the shortest breast-feeding period for cow shall be 42 days, sheep 60 days and pig 28 days respectively.

7. 哺乳動物的幼畜應以相同種類之有機乳汁餵食。特殊狀況經認可後，可使用不含抗生素或化學藥物之非有機農場生產的乳汁，或是以乳製品為基礎之乳代用品。

Young animals of mammals should be fed with similar organic milk. Under approved special circumstances, milk with no antibiotics or chemical drugs produced from a non-organic farm may be used. The alternative is to use dairy substitute made of milk products.

(二)保健

Health protection

1. 提供符合營養需求的飼料及飼料添加物。

Provide feeds and feed additives that meets the nutritional requirements.

2. 有機畜禽應選擇適合本地條件與具抗流行性疾病及寄生蟲之品種。

Selection of organic livestock and poultry should be those varieties that fit local conditions and are resistant to epidemics and parasites.

3. 畜禽舍及放牧地應符合防疫衛生條件，以防範疾病之發生及蔓延，並有足夠的活動空間。

Corral and herding site should be designed to be hygienic and anti-epidemic so as to prevent outbreak and spread of disease. In addition, the space must be adequate.

4. 允許使用合法且需要的疫苗接種。

Legitimate and needy vaccine inoculation is permitted.

(三)生長環境

Growth environment

1 畜禽群之飼養頭數多寡，不得對動物行為模式有不良的影響。

In raising livestock and poultry, regardless of the size of the herd, there shall be unfavorable influence upon the animal’s behavior.

2. 群飼之畜禽不能個別圈飼，但下列情況除外：種公畜禽、幼畜禽、小規模飼養、生病及分娩等，惟應經過認可。

Among the herd of livestock and poultry, there shall be no individual corral for feeding, except the following: sire, young animal or poultry, small-scale rearing, sick, and giving birth – after the confirmation process has been completed.

3. 提供適合氣候及環境的樹蔭、遮篷、運動場、新鮮空氣、無病原菌污染及天然光照等予畜禽生長或生產的環境。

To provide a growth or productive environment with shade, cover, fresh air is pollution free and has adequate movement space that suits the climatic conditions and environment; in addition the environment should be free from causative bacteria but ample natural sunshine.

4. 提供反芻動物良好之牧草地或運動場。

To provide ruminant animal an excellent herding ground with hay or sports field.

5. 有足夠躺下或休息且清潔舒適之處所。

A clean comfortable quarter that people can lay down or rest.

6. 所有畜禽必須有接近開放式空間與(或)放牧的機會。但在不違背動物福祉之精神下允許飼養於特定的農場或建築物，惟反芻動物須配合餵飼青刈新鮮牧草。

All animal and poultry must have access to open space or the opportunity of being herded. But in the spirit that the welfare of animal and poultry is not compromised, rearing may be at a specific farm or building provided that ruminant animals are fed with fresh hays.

7. 於下列情形下應提供畜禽暫時性之繫留場：

In the below-listed circumstances, livestock and poultry should be given temporary quarters:

(1) 惡劣的氣候。

Poor weather.

(2) 畜禽生產階段。

Reproduction period.

(3) 畜禽健康、安全及福祉可能受到危害的狀態。

When the health, safety and welfare of the livestock or poultry is violated.

(4) 土壤或水質遭受汙染時。

When water or soil is polluted.

8. 蛋雞實施光照計畫時，每日光照不得超過17小時。

When eggs are being illuminated, it should not exceed 17 hours per day.

9. 有機牧場應有排泄物處理計畫，包括再生資源之再利用，且不得有重金屬或病原汙染作物、土壤或水源。

An organic farm should have sewage treatment plans, including reusing and recycling of regenewable resources. Moreover, there shall be no heavy metal or pathogenesis to pollute the crop, soil or water source.

10. 放牧生產之環境應符合「有機農產品生產規範－作物」之相關規定。

The environment of grazing production should meet the requirements as set forth in the Production Standards for Organic Agricultural Products – Crops.

(四)有機畜禽產品生產過程，不得使用下列生物技術﹕

In the production process of organic livestock or poultry products, the following biotechnologies shall not be used:

1. 胚移置技術。

Embryo transplantation technology.

2. 內泌素誘導發情或分娩。

To use endocrine to induce sexual desire or labour.

3. 遺傳工程產生之種類或品種的使用。

Use of varieties or species generated from genetic engineering.

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轉型期

Transition period

(一)飼作地及放牧地之轉型期應至少2年。

Transition period for the rearing ground and grazing ground should be at least two years.

(二)有機畜禽產品之飼養轉型期應符合下列規定：

The transition period for raising organic livestock and poultry products should meet the following requirements:

1. 乳用家畜之有機飼養轉型期為12個月以上。

The raising transition period for livestock for milking should be over 12 months.

2. 蛋用家禽之有機飼養轉型期為4個月以上。

The raising transition period for livestock for laying eggs should be over four months.

3. 生長期少於12個月以下之肉用畜禽無轉型期。

There shall be no transition period for livestock and poultry used for meat whose growth period is less than 12 months.

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運輸、屠宰、畜禽產品收集、加工、包裝及行銷

Transport, slaughtering, collection, reprocessing, packaging and marketing of livestock and poultry products:

(一) 畜禽運輸、屠宰與畜禽產品收集時應考慮動物福祉。

Transport and slaughtering of livestock and collection of livestock and poultry products should take into consideration of animal welfare.

(二) 在運輸之前或期間，不得使用任何合成的鎮定劑或興奮劑。

Before or during transport, there shall be no use of synthetic tranquilizer or stimulant.

(三) 確保有機畜禽產品不會受到非有機畜禽產品之混雜或污染，收集過程及其後之調製、貯存、加工、包裝及行銷，均應與一般畜禽產品分開處理。

To ensure that organic livestock and poultry products are not mixed with or polluted by non-organic livestock and poultry products, the collection process and subsequent preparation storage, reprocessing, packaging and marketing should be handled separately with general livestock and poultry products.

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適用之技術及資材

Applicable technologies and materials:

(一)作為消毒劑、清潔劑及醫療用途之合成物質。

Synthetic substances for disinfecting, cleaning agents, and medical treatment use:

1. 酒精類

Alcohol

(1) 乙醇：僅限於當作消毒劑及清潔劑，禁止當作飼料添加物。

Ethanol: For use only as disinfectant and cleaning agent and is strictly prohibited for use as feed additive.

(2) 異丙醇：僅限於作為消毒劑之用。

Isopropyl alcohol: For use only as disinfectant

2. 含氯物質：僅限於作為消毒及清潔器具、設備之用，其氯之殘留量不能超過飲用水標準中規定的安全量。

Chlorine-contained substances: For use only as sterilization or cleaning of utensils and equipment and the residue of chlorine should not exceed the safe volume prescribed for drinking water.

(1) 次氯酸鈣。

Calcium hypochlorite.

(2) 二氧化氯。

Chlorine dioxide.

(3) 次氯酸鈉。

Sodium Hypochlorite.

3. 氯己啶（Chlorohexidine）：准許獸醫師處理外科手術時使用。當其他殺菌劑治療乳房炎無效時，准許作為乳頭浸液。

Chlorohexidine: Veterinarian may use this during surgery. When all germicides failed to cure mastitis, it may be used to soak the breast teat.

4. 不含抗生物質之電解質。

Electrolyte without antibiotics.

5. 葡萄糖。

Glucose.

6. 甘油：僅限使用於家畜乳頭浸液，其來源必須為油脂水解製造者。

Glycerol: For use only in soaking livestock’s teat and its source must be from water soluble fatty oil.

7. 碘化物。

Iodide.

8. 過氧化氫。

Hydrogen peroxide.

9. 磷酸：僅限於作為清潔設備之用。

Phosphoric acid: For use only to clean equipment.

10. 疫苗。

Vaccine.

(二)作為局部治療、外寄生蟲驅除或局部麻醉用途之合成物質。

Synthetic substance used as local treatment, elimination of ectoparasite or local anaesthesia:

1. 碘化物。

Iodide.

2. 熟石灰。

Hydrated lime.

3. 礦物油：僅限於作為局部塗敷或潤滑之用。

Mineral oil: For use only in local application or for lubricant use.

4. 硫酸銅。

Copper sulphate.

(三)飼料添加物。

Feed additives:

1. 微量礦物質：僅限於作為營養強化之用，其種類及用量須符合國家標準。

Trace minerals: For use only as nutrient or enhancement and the varieties and dosage must meet the national standards.

2. 維生素：僅限於作為營養強化之用。

Vitamins: For use only as nutrient or enhancement.

(四)其他技術及資材認為有必要增列者，經由驗證機構提案，送請輔導小組審議通過後公告。

Certifying organization may propose other technologies and materials, if deemed necessary for addition, to the assistance committee for review. Public announcement will be then made after the committee has reached a decision.